Internal-combustion engine.



0. V. FITB. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 14, 1910.

Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

Attorneys UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CEPHAS V. FITE, OF CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

Application filed November.14, 1910. Serial No. 592,278.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, Cnrnas V. Frrn, a

vitizen'of the United States, residing at Charlotte, in the county of Mecklenburg and State of North Carolina, have invented a new and useful Internal-Combustion Engine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to internal combustion engines of the hydro-carbon type and consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter shown and described.

The obiect of the invention is to so construct and arrange the parts of an engine of the character described that it is impossible toback fire a charge of fuel into the carbureter or other source of supply and with this object in view the structure includes a cylinder having at one end a com- .bustion chamber and at its other end a pumping chamber. A fuel supply pipe is connected with the pumping chamber and an exhaust pipe is connected with the combustion chamber, a passageway is provided for conducting fuel from the pumping chamber to the combustion chamber and means is provided for compressing the fuel in said passageway. A double headed piston is arrangedto reciprocate in the cylinder and one of the heads thereof operates within the combustion chamber while the other head operates within the pumping chamher. The piston is provided in the vicinity of one end with a by-pass which when opposite the intake port of the pumping chamber establishes communication between the said port and the interior of the pumping chamber. The said piston is provided in the vicinity of'its other end with a by-pass which when opposite the end of the fuel v passageway -between the said chalnbers is adapted to establish communication through the said passageway and the pumping chamber.-

In the accompanying drawing :Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a portion of the same cut on the line'2-2 of Eig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the same cut'on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the same cut on the linet- -4of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the same cut on the line 5 r5 of,,Fig. 1., 1

the engine.

' .The engine consists of a cylinder 1 having at one end a combustlon chamber 2 and at its other end a pumping chamber 3. A

water jacket 4. surrounds the major portion of the combustion chamber 2 in the usual manner and the cylinder 1 is provided with a popt 5 which enters the combustion chamber and 15 adapted to receive a spark plug or its equivalent. A crank casing 6 is secured to the lower end of the cylinder 1 and a crank shaft 7 is journaled in the said crank casing and is provided with-a crank 8. An intake port 8 communicates with the upper end of the pumping chamber when the said port is uncovered by the piston as will be explainc-d hereinafter and an exhaust port 9 communicates with the lower end of the combustion chamber 2. The cylinder 1 is provided with a transfer passageway 10 which when uncovered has one end in communication with the combustion chamber2 and the other end in communication with the pumping chamber 3. A sieve or screen 11 is located in the transfer passageway 10 and extends transversely across the same and through which the mixture must pass twice while it is passing through said transfer passageway. A compression piston 12 is mounted for reciprocation in the transfer passageway 10 and any suitable means may be provided for operating the said piston in order to compress the fuel mixture as it is passing through the said transfer passageway and while it is located in the same, but in order to impart to the piston 12 a proper reciprocatory movement, its rod 12' has surroundingdt exteriorly of its casing, a spring 12", which normally holds the piston outwardly as illustrated in Fig. 1, the piston being moved inwardly against the tension of the "spring by means of the cam 20 carried by the crank shaft 8. This cam 20 imparts an outward movement to the cylindrical rod 21 mounted the stuffing box 22' of the crank case, the roller 23' upon the inner end thereof heiiig at all times held in engagement with the cam 20. The outer end 24 of the rod 21 is operably connected atthe lower end with the lever 25, which is fulcrumed at the end of the arm or bracket 26, while the outer end of the piston 12 is operatably connected as -at 27 to the upper end of the lever 25. By this means it will be seen that the rotation of the crank shaft ister with one end of the Way 10 and whenin such registration establishes communication between the pumpingmovement to the piston 12, while the spring 12 will impart the opposite movement,

thus properly reciprocating the piston 12. v 'A piston rod 13 is connected with the piston-14 and alsowith the crank S in the usual manner. The piston 14 is mounted for re ciprocation in the cylinder 1 and is provided at one end with a head15 adapted to operate in the combustion chamber 2 and at its other end with a head 16 adapted to operate in the pumping chamber'S. The piston 14 is provided in the vicinity of itsupper end'and near the head 15 with a by-pass 17 which when in register with the induction port 8 establishes communication between said port and-the interior of the I pumping chamber 3 whereby the fuelmixture may be admitted from the said induction-port. into the said pumping chamber. This occurs when t-he'piston 14 is'in its lowermost posi tioninth'e cylinder 1. The.-piston- -14-is also provided in the vicinity of the head 16 is adapted *to regwit-h abv-pass 18 which transfer passagechamber 3 and the said transfer,passageway. The parts of the engine are so arranged and the piston 14 is of such length that 'when it is in its lowermost position in the cylinder 1 it uncovers the exhaust port?) and-also uncovers that end of the transfer passageway 10 which communicates with the combustion chamber 2. v The piston 14 is provided upon its upper end witha baffle plate 19 as is usual in engines of this-type;

The operation of the engine is as follows: Presuming that the piston 14 is descending and is about to assume its lowermost posi-:

tion as illustrated in Fig. l of the drawingand the by-pass 17 is over the inner end of the induction port 8. This establishes com munioation between the induction port 8 and the pumping chamber v3 and as the said piston descends and assumes the position as shown in Fig. 1 the mixture is drawn into the pumping chamber 3 through the said by-pass 17 and the induction port 8. At the same time the upper end of the piston 14 passes below the exhaust port 9 and below the upper end of the transfer passage fuel is forced by the head 16 into the transfer passage 10. Thus the fuel is forced from and as soon def iected into the chamber. At the.

back firingis effectually and said induction port ,8.

the pumping chamber 3 into the said transfer passage. While in the transfer passage the piston 12 to further compression at the time the piston l4 begins to descend, thus the said fuel is held trapped in the transfer passage 10 as the upper end of the pistbn 14 passes below the upper end of the said transfer passage, the compressed fuel passes 'into, the combustion chamber 2 and comes the bafiie plate 19 and is upper end of the said same time the mixture entering the combustion chamber 2 sweeps into contact with out the burnt gases through the exhaust port 9. By reason of the fact that when the piston 14 descends and the upper end of the by-pass 18 is carried below :the lower end of the transfer. passage 10 the upper end gf thhe said piston ;14- is: in-cl'ose'contact with ot thus "during the time that the explosion takes isvimpossible for any ofthe burnt gases to pass downthrough the. transfer passage 10 into. thepumping chamber 13 and through other source of v positively prevented, by reason, of the fact that as the sieve or perforated material 11 is located transversely across the transfer passage 10 and it is therefore impossible for unconendsv ofthe transfer, passage 10 and advances and subjects the fuel place in the combustion chamber 2 it,

. the induction port 8 into the carburete'r or. feed. Thus it is evident that.

sumed productsof combustion to pass in such condition into the inlet portion of the said-transfer passage. This eliminates the possibility of premature explosion in the said transfer-passage. ,I Any suitable mechanical means may be.provided for oper-' ating the compression piston 12 from the shaft 7 of the engine but as such connecting means arecommon expedients and 7 form no parts of-the present invention they are not illustrated or described herein.' f r Having thus. described the invention what I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1 1. An internal combustion, enginecomprising a cylinder provided with a combustion chamber and a pumping chamber, said combustionchamber having an exhaust port and said pumping chamber having an in: duction port, to lead the mixture from t chamber into the combustion compression piston operatively he pumping chamber, a mounted in a transfer passageway adapted I said transferpassageway, a piston mounted for reciprocation in the cylinder and having a head operating in the combustion chamber and a head operating in the pumping chamber said piston being provided in its side with a by-pass which when in register with the induction port establishes communication between the said port and the pumping chamber, said piston also having in its side a by-pass which when in register with the transfer passage establishes communication between the said passage and the pumping chamber.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder provided with a combustion chamber and a pumping chamber, said combustion chamber having an exhaust port, said pumping chamber having an induction port, a transfer passageway adapted to lead the mixture from the pumping chamber into the combustion chamber, a screen extending transversely across said transfer passage and through which the said mixture is compelled to pass in traveling through the said passage, a compression means mounted for operation in the transfer passageway, a piston mounted for reciprocation in the cylinder ttnd provided with'a head which oper- I a'tes in the combustion chamber and provided with a head which operates in the pumping chamber, said piston having a by-' pass which when in register with the induction-port establishes communication between saidport and the interior of the pumping chamber, said piston also having a by-pass which when in register with the transfer passageway 'establishes communication between the saidt.passageway and the interior of the pumping chamber. I

Intcstimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereunto aflixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CEPHAS V. FITE.

lVitnesses W. B. HUNTINGTON, Juo. B. ALEXANDER.

Copies of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' 4 Washington, D. 0. 

